Chiari II malformation may also result in a blockage of cerebrospinal fluid, causing a condition called hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus is an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The buildup of cerebrospinal fluid puts damaging pressure on the brain. Hydrocephalus is commonly treated by surgically implanting a shunt (a hollow tube) in the brain to drain the excess fluid into the abdomen.

 

Some newborns with myelomeningocele may develop meningitis, which is an infection in the meninges. Meningitis may cause brain injury and can be life threatening.