Who Is at Risk for Encephalitis?
Anyone can get encephalitis. People with weakened immune systems, including those with
HIV or those taking immunosuppressant drugs, are at the highest risk of contracting encephalitis.
The brain inflammation caused by encephalitis can produce a wide range of symptoms, including:
- Sudden fever
- Headache
- Vomiting
- Heightened sensitivity to light
- Confusion and impaired judgment
- Drowsiness
- Weak muscles
- Clumsy and unsteady gait
- Irritability.
Complications Resulting From Encephalitis
In extreme cases of encephalitis, complications can include:
- Brain damage
- Stroke
- Seizures
- Death.
Encephalitis treatment may involve antiviral medications being prescribed for
herpes encephalitis or other severe viral infections. Anticonvulsants are used to prevent or treat seizures. Corticosteroids are used to reduce brain swelling and inflammation. Sedatives may be needed for irritability or restlessness. Over-the-counter medications may be used for fever and headache. Individuals with encephalitis or
bacterial meningitis are usually hospitalized for treatment.
The prognosis for encephalitis varies depending on the
cause of encephalitis. Some cases of encephalitis are mild, short, and relatively benign, with patients having a full recovery. Other encephalitis cases are severe, possibly leading to permanent impairment or even death.
The acute phase of encephalitis may last for one to two weeks, with gradual or sudden resolution of fever and neurological symptoms. Neurological symptoms may require many months before full recovery.
Previous
Add this article to your Favorites
Email this article
Print